Abstract:
hytoplankton are micro-organisms marine plants that can’t be seen with the naked eye whose lives hover and float in the water column and its movement is very dependent on the flow. Generally, phytoplankton has a relatively short life time of 1-10 days with a generation time of 3-6 times a day. Nevertheless, this phytoplankton has a particularly important role to main the stability of the increasing temperature due to the effect of increasing greenhouse gases (GHGs) and reducing carbondioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere itself. The role of phytoplankton in global climate regulation is related to the reduction of sulfur and the formation of clouds in the atmosphere by dimetisulfit (DMS). DMS is a volatile sulfur compounds or residual biogenic gas generated from metabolic degradation of phytoplankton dimetilsulfoniopropionat (DMSP) at sea surface level. DMS moves into the atmosphere is only 10%, or about 0.5-1.0 Tmol of the overall DMS produced. However, DMS can contribute in reducing the sulfur content of about 48-100 %. In addition, the DMS in the atmosphere is oxidized to form acidic aerosol particles that directly affect the radiation balance of the earth by reflecting back of solar radiation. While the indirect effect is the formation of cloud condensation nuclei (CNN) functioning that can enhance the formation of cloud droplets to absorb solar radiation and reflect solar radiation. The other things, the role of phytoplankton that is still associated with global climate regulation is seen from
its role as the lungs of the earth and a major component in the global carbon cycle. Phytoplankton as the lungs of the earth with a smaller amount only 1 % of the total biomass photosynthetic organism, but able to contribute more than 45% of the total production of oxygen in the biosphere. Then, the other
important role is as the global carbon cycle where phytoplankton can reduce the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere is now increasing 25 % compared to pre-industry and each year has increased 2 % through the biological pump carbon from the atmosphere and store it in the deep sea. Through the process of photosynthesis, marine phytoplankton
