Abundance of yellow alkaloid “Berberine” in the medicinal plant of Tali Kuning (Tinospora dissitiflora Diels) collected from Manokwari – Papua Barat

Abstract

Tali kuning (Tinospora dissitiflora Diels) is liana or climbing plant growth naturally on the virgin forest of Papuasia. Traditionally, Tali kuning has been using to prevent and treat malaria by indigenous community. Main stem of this plant are produced yellowish compound alkaloid, which is supposed representing major bioactive compound namely as Berberine. 1H-NMR spectra of berberine has special manner particularly coupling proton of H-13 and H-8. Using both proton signals, the abundance of major bioactive compound could be determined. This research was conducting to quantify the berberine concentration. Abundance of alkaloid in this medicinal plant is crucial to be determined first, before further research is taking place or Tali Kuning is being nominated for berberine producer. Rapid method using 1H-NMR was used to determine berberine quantitative and qualitatively from the crude extract. Tali kuning was collected from Manokwari Papua Barat and powdered with hammer mill. Sonication was employed to extract using methanol at room temperature. Three replicates were used. A comparison was made from worldwide known berberine producer of Amur Corktree (Phellodendron amurense Rupr). Moisture content (MC) of wood powders was 12 and 8 percent, for Tali kuning and Amur corktree, respectively. 500 µg authentic berberine chloride were dissolved in 5.4 mL methanol-d4 (containing 84.4 µg anthracene). 1H-NMR spectra were recorded in methanol-d4 (99,9%) using JEOL JNM-ECX 500. Each sample was scanned for 100 using the following parameter 0.18 Hz/point, spectral width 14400 Hz, pulse with 4.0 US, relaxation delay 2 sc. Peak areas were used for qualitative analysis and integration of each peach were employed for quantitative analysis. The results demonstrated that 1H-NMR signal pattern of H-13 and H-8 recorded from Tali Kuning, and Amur corktree were well recorded, and in accordance to the berberine chloride standard. Using peak integration of H-13 and H-8, the berberine quantity in Tali kuning is 18.06 mg/g of dried powder, and 22.78 mg//gr for Amur corktree. Berberine percentage based on the weight of oven-dried-extracts was 8.34% (MC 7.54%) and 12.04% (11,54%) for Amur corktree and Tali kuning. In conclusion, concentration of berberine in medicinal plant of Tali kuning (T. dissitiflora Diels) is 12.04%, and it could be recommended for berberine producer from Papua.