The Fermentation Quality and in vitro Nutrient Digestibility of Agricultural Waste Based-Complete Feed Silage with Different Composition of Oil Palm Frond and Rice Crop Residue

Abstract

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the nutritive value and fermentation quality of agricultural waste based-complete feed silage with different composition of oil palm frond and rice crop residue. Total of 4 treatments were (A) king grass 70% + cassava waste 12% + tofu waste 15% + lactic acid bacteria (LAB) 3%; (B) king grass 50% + rice crop residue 20% + cassava waste 12% + tofu waste 15% + LAB 3% (C) king grass 50% + oil palm frond 20% + cassava waste 12% + tofu waste 15% + LAB 3%; (D) king grass 50% + rice crop residue 10% + oil palm frond 10% + cassava waste 12% + tofu waste 15% + LAB 3%. The liquid of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria was sprayed on the top of silage material with a concentration of 4.0 × 106 cfu/g and then mixed by the hand. About 500 g of silage materials were packed into plastic silos and stored in the room temperature for 30 days. The results of this study showed that dry matter and organic matter contents of silage was affected (P<0.05) by different composition of oil palm frond and rice residue. Silage C had the highest dry matter and organic matter contents than other silage. There were no significant differences in crude protein and NDF contents among silage treatments with crude protein and NDF values varied from 14.5 to 15.0% and 57.1 to 58.9%, respectively. The silage A produces the highest (P<0.01) lactic acid followed by the lowest (P<0.01) pH value compared to other silage. Silages AandC had lower (P<0.01) N-NH3 concentration compared to silages B and D. Silage C had the lowest total VFA concentration compared to other silages. Silage A had the highest Fleigh Point followed by silages C, D and B. It was concluded that replacement of 20% of grass with oil palm frond in silage C produces a quality silage fermentation similar to silage A as a control.