Sifat Fisik, Kandungan Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Minyak Essensial Kulit Batang Akway (Drimys piperita Hook f.)

Abstract

Essential oil is the liquid products obtained by extraction process from various part of aromatic plants. Akway (Drimys piperita Hook f.) is an aromatic plant which has stem barks contained essential oils. The concentrations and types of essential oil compounds highly affected its physicochemical and antibacterial properties. The objectives of the research were to determine physical properties, phytochemical contents and antibacterial potency of essential oil extracted from akway stem bark. Extraction process were done by using hydrodistillation method. Determination of phyical properties were performed to colour, solubility in alcohol 80% and refractive index while phytochemical contents were done qualitatively to terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins. Antibacterial activity assays were done using agar disc diffusion method on essential oil concentration of 0-10%. The results indicated that physical properties of akway stem barks essensial oil : light yellowish colour, solubility in alcohol 80% was 1:2, and refractive index 1.4942. The essential oil contained terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins also could inhibited growth of pathogenic bacteria at minimum inhibition concentration 2.7-5.0 mg/ml.